🌙 The Islamic months

1. 1🗓️

   Twelve months

   Allah made the year twelve months long. The Islamic calendar starts from the Hijra, when the Prophet ﷺ moved to Madinah.

   إِنَّ عِدَّةَ الشُّهُورِ عِندَ اللَّهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا

   inna ʿiddata sh-shuhūri ʿinda llāhi thnā ʿashara shahrā

   Source: At-Tawbah 9:36

2. 2🌙

   Follow the moon

   Each month starts when we see the new crescent moon. A month has 29 or 30 days.

   الْهِلَال

   al-hilāl

   Source: Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim

3. 31️⃣

   Months 1 to 6

   1. Muharram, 2. Safar, 3. Rabi' al-Awwal, 4. Rabi' al-Akhir, 5. Jumada al-Ula, 6. Jumada al-Akhirah.

   مُحَرَّم · صَفَر · رَبِيع الْأَوَّل · رَبِيع الْآخِر · جُمَادَى الْأُولَى · جُمَادَى الْآخِرَة

   Muḥarram · Ṣafar · Rabīʿ al-Awwal · Rabīʿ al-Ākhir · Jumādā al-Ūlā · Jumādā al-Ākhirah

4. 47️⃣

   Months 7 to 12

   7. Rajab, 8. Sha'ban, 9. Ramadan, 10. Shawwal, 11. Dhul-Qa'dah, 12. Dhul-Hijjah.

   رَجَب · شَعْبَان · رَمَضَان · شَوَّال · ذُو الْقَعْدَة · ذُو الْحِجَّة

   Rajab · Shaʿbān · Ramaḍān · Shawwāl · Dhū l-Qaʿdah · Dhū l-Ḥijjah

5. 5🛡️

   The four sacred months

   Four months are sacred: Dhul-Qa'dah, Dhul-Hijjah, Muharram and Rajab. In them we try extra hard to do good and avoid bad deeds.

   مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ حُرُمٌ

   minhā arbaʿatun ḥurum

   Source: At-Tawbah 9:36; Sahih al-Bukhari

6. 6🎆

   Muharram, the new year

   The year begins with Muharram. On its 10th day, called Ashura, the Prophet ﷺ fasted and asked us to fast too.

   عَاشُورَاء

   ʿĀshūrāʾ

   Source: Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim

7. 7🕋

   Ramadan and Dhul-Hijjah

   In Ramadan, the 9th month, the Qur'an was first sent down and we fast. In Dhul-Hijjah, the 12th month, people go on Hajj and we celebrate Eid al-Adha.

   شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ

   shahru ramaḍāna lladhī unzila fīhi l-qurʾān

   Source: Al-Baqarah 2:185

Tip for parents: read one lesson together, then practise it, for example wudu before prayer.